Barrows Goldeneye

Bucephala islandica

The Barrows Goldeneye, A vulnerable bird http://www.qc.ec.gc.ca/faune/sauvagine/html/information_bg.html

The Breeding of Barrows Goldeneye Finally Documented http://www.qc.ec.gc.ca/faune/sauvagine/html/nesting_bg.html

Barrows Goldeneye Satellite Tracking Spring 1999 http://www.qc.ec.gc.ca/faune/sauvagine/html/satellite_bg.html

Egg laying intervals and nutrient reserve use of breeding female buffleheads and Barrow's goldeneyes.
 Jonathan E. Thompson & C. Davison Ankney. http://www.tpwd.state.tx.us/nature/wild/birds/buffhead.htm

Parasitism, Population Dynamics And Hybridization In Cavity- Nesting Seaducks
EADIE, JOHN McA. Department of Wildlife, Fish and Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616,
ANSTEY, DAVID A. Division of Sciences, University of Toronto, Scarborough, ON M1C 1A4 Intraspecific and interspecific brood parasitism occur frequently in waterfowl. We examine the consequences of these behaviors to the population dynamics of Barrow's and Common Goldeneyes during a 10 year study period in central British Columbia. The frequency of parasitism was significantly related to population density and to the availability of nest sites. High levels of parasitism, in turn, resulted in reduced reproductive success of females. Using a simulation model based on field data, we demonstrate that high frequencies of intraspecific parasitism can lead to the extirpation of local populations. Brood parasitism between species leads to the additional complication that parasite offspring may become sexually imprinted on the host species, thereby facilitating cross-mating and interspecific hybridization. We test this hypothesis using (1) a comparative analysis of the Anseriformes and (2) field studies and molecular genetic analyses of interspecific hybridization in goldeneyes. Our results demonstrate that social interactions such as brood parasitism may play an important role in determining the long-term viability of local populations.

Anderson, M.G., R.D. Sayler and A.D. Afton. 1980. A decoy trap for diving ducks. J. Wildl. Manage. 44:217-219

Andrew D.G. 1960 Aggressive Behaviour of Barrows Goldeneye with Young British Birds 53: 572-573

Beil, C.E. 1974. Forest associations of the southern Cariboo Zone. British Columbia. Syesis 7:201-233.

Bengtson, S.A. 1970 Location of nest-sites of Ducks in Lake Myvatn area, north- east Iceland. Oikos 21:218-229

Bengtson, S.A. 1971 Habitat selection of ducks broods in Lake Myvatn area, north- east Iceland.
Ornis Scand. 2:17-26. 21:218-229 Brooks, A. 1903. Notes on the birds of the Cariboo district, B.C. Auk 20:277-284.

Egg Laying Intervals And Nutrient Reserve Use Of Breeding Female Buffleheads And Barrow's Goldeneyes
THOMPSON, JONATHAN E. Department of Zoology, Ecology and Evolution Group, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7 and Caesar Kleberg Wildlife Research Institute, Texas A&M University - Kingsville, Campus Box 218, Kingsville, Texas 78363 ANKNEY, C. DAVISON. Department of Zoology, Ecology and Evolution Group, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B7

This study was conducted to investigate nutritional aspects of reproduction in female Buffleheads (Bucephala albeola) and Barrow's Goldeneyes (Bucephala islandica) breeding in central British Columbia in 1993 - 95. Mean egg laying interval (Ò SE) for Buffleheads was 48.36 Ò 2.35 hr, which was similar to that of Barrow's Goldeneyes that laid, on average, every 45.32 Ò 1.40 hr. As a consequence of slower rates of egg production, daily energetic costs of reproduction in female Buffleheads and Barrow's Goldeneyes, evaluated relative to their basal metabolic requirements, are among the lowest documented for ducks. Patterns of lipogenesis differed between female Buffleheads and Barrow's Goldeneyes, but both species catabolized somatic fat during egg production. Buffleheads maintained stable body protein during reproduction, and thus relied exclusively on dietary protein for clutch formation, whereas Goldeneyes catabolized small amounts of somatic protein to produce egg protein during the 1993 breeding season. Use of body protein by a primarily carnivorous duck suggests that protein availability, i.e., invertebrate abundance, in breeding habitats used by Goldeneyes was periodically deficient. Somatic mineral supplied approximately 8% of clutch minerals in Buffleheads and 3% of clutch minerals in Goldeneyes during the 1993 breeding season, but neither species used endogenous minerals for eggshell production in 1994. Size of somatic lipid and protein reserves apparently did not limit clutch size in either Buffleheads or Barrow's Goldeneyes. Furthermore, clutch size was apparently not constrained by size of somatic mineral reserves in Buffleheads. However, body mineral mass was positively related to clutch size in Barrow's Goldeneyes. Thus, from a nutritional perspective, our data suggest that size of mineral reserves may limit clutch size in Barrow' Goldeneyes, whereas relatively low rates of nutrient reserve use indicate that clutch size in Buffleheads may not be constained by size of these reserves.